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Small scale scrapes suggest avian display behavior by diminutive Cretaceous theropods
Affiliation:1. Department of Science Education, Chinju National University of Education, Shinan-dong, Jinju, Kyungnam 660-756, South Korea;2. Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, PO Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA;3. Natural Heritage Center, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, 927 Yudeng-ro, Seo-gu, Daejon, 302-834, South Korea;4. Peace Region Palaeontological Research Center, Box 1540, Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia V0C 2W0, Canada;5. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba - PR, CEP 81531-990, Caixa Postal 19031, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Ecologia de Praias Arenosas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Pontal do Paraná - PR, CEP 83255-976, Caixa Postal 61, Brazil;3. Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Department of Zoology, PO Box 77000, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa;1. CONICET–Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Av. Roca 1242, General Roca, 8332, Río Negro, Argentina;2. Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica (INSUGEO), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán-CONICET, Miguel Lillo 205, Tucumán, Argentina;1. Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 1659 Museum Road, PO Box 117800, Gainesville FL 32611, USA;2. Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria;3. Department of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina G1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;4. Natural History Museum of Denmark, Geological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark;1. Departamento de Ecologia e Recursos Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 458 sala 407 Urca, 22240-290, Brazil;2. Programa de pós graduação em Biodiversidade Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Abstract:A set of about 25 diminutive sub-parallel scrapes in the Cretaceous Haman Formation of South Korea fit the morphology of the small theropod track Minisauripus which is also known from this formation. The scrapes are interpreted as evidence of display behavior, and suggest that the trace maker was an adult engaged in avian-like courtship behavior. Although avian theropods are also known from this formation, the scrapes are inconsistent with their foot morphology. Although large theropod scrapes have been interpreted as evidence of display behavior they are only known from North America. Thus, the scrapes described here are the first reported from Asia, and the first interpreted as evidence of display behavior in such a diminutive species.
Keywords:Korea  Cretaceous  Theropods  Birds  Footprints  Scrapes
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