气候变化对阴山北麓木本植物物候期的影响

本文基于内蒙古农牧业气象观测站1994—2015年旱柳、榆树和小叶杨三种木本植物物候观测资料及同期气候数据，采用线性倾向估计、Pearson相关系数等方法，探讨了气候变化对阴山北麓木本植物物候的影响。结果表明：近22 a，阴山北麓旱柳、榆树和小叶杨的花芽开放期和落叶末期均表现为提前趋势，且落叶末期提前幅度较大，平均每10 a分别提前2.9 d、3.6 d、4.6 d。生长季缩短，平均生长季长度为182 d。气温是影响旱柳、榆树、小叶杨春季花芽开放期的关键气象因子，春季气温每升高1℃，花芽开放期提前4.1 d；而落叶末期对降水量较为敏感，水分条件是阴山北麓木本植物落叶末期的主要限制因子。

Effects of climate change on phenophase of woody plants at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain

Based on 3 kinds of woody plant’s phenology observation data for Salix matsudana,Ulmus pumila and Populus simonii Carr and simultaneous meteorological data from meteorological observatory of agriculture and husbandry in Inner Mongolia from 1983 to 2012,linear tendency estimation and Pearson correlation coefficient methods were used to discuss the effects of climate change on phenophase of woody plants at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain.The results show that in recent 22 years,the date of bud appearing and the ending date of defoliation exhibited an advanced trend for Salix matsudana,Ulmus pumila and Populus simonii Carr at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain.In addition,the ending date of defoliation was ahead more than the date of bud appearing with advanced days of 2.9 d,3.6 d,and 4.6 d per 10 years,respectively.Growing season was shorten with the average growing season was 182 d.The temperature was the key meteorological factor affecting the date of bud appearing of Salix matsudana,Ulmus pumila,and Populus simonii Carr.The date of bud appearing advanced 4.1 days when temperature in spring increased 1℃.However,the ending date of defoliation was more sensitive to precipitation,and water conditions were the main limiting factor for the ending date of defoliation of woody plants at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain.