核医学检查中危重症患者的预防性干预对策研究

目的:探讨预防性干预在危重症患者核医学检查中的临床应用价值。方法:对比分析基础护理、重症应急和辐射安全3方面预防性干预管理模式的应用效果;选取医院接诊检查的184例危重症患者,按照管理模式不同将其分为对照组(83例)和观察组(101例),对照组采用常规管理模式,观察组采用预防性干预管理模式。采用自制调查表,对比两组基础护理满意度、核医学检查熟识度和辐射安全认知度及重症应急和辐射安全的差异性。结果:观察组基础护理满意度、核医学检查熟识度和辐射安全认知度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.668,t=2.858,t=4.165;P<0.05);观察组重症应急检查失败、发生差错和危重症抢救比例低于对照组,抢救成功比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ²=9.798,χ²=5.199,χ²=4.074,χ²=4.538;P<0.05);观察组辐射安全防护设施、患者活动范围、放射性废物及废水、患者排泄物和剂量监测的安全隐患比例低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.030,χ²=11.033,χ²=6.367,χ²=5.924,χ²=4.846;P<0.05)。结论:预防性干预对策管理模式能改善核医学危重症患者的护理效果,提高检查和抢救成功率,降低核医学检查的辐射安全隐患。

Study on preventive intervention countermeasures of critically ill patients in nuclear medical examination

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of preventive intervention in nuclear medicine examination of critically ill patients.Methods:The application effects of the three-level preventive intervention management model of basic nursing,critical emergency and radiation safety were analyzed and compared.The 184 critically ill patients examined in the hospital were selected and divided into a control group(83 cases)and an observation group(101 cases)according to the management model.The control group adopted the conventional management model,and the observation group adopted the three-level preventive intervention management model.A self-made questionnaire was used to compare the differences between the two groups in basic nursing satisfaction,nuclear medicine inspection familiarity,radiation safety awareness,and critical emergency and radiation safety differences.Results:The basic nursing satisfaction,nuclear medicine examination familiarity and radiation safety awareness in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=2.668,t=2.858,t=4.165;P<0.05);The observation group had lower critical emergency check failures,errors,and critically ill rescue ratios than the control group,and the successful rescue ratio was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(χ²=9.798,χ²=5.199,χ²=4.074,χ²=4.538;P<0.05);The proportion of radiation safety protection facilities,patient activities,radioactive waste and wastewater,patient excrement,and dose monitoring in the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ²=8.030,χ²=11.033,χ²=6.367,χ²=5.924,χ²=4.846;P<0.05).Conclusion:The three-level preventive intervention strategy management model can improve the nursing effect of critically ill patients in nuclear medicine,increase the success rate of inspection and rescue,and reduce the radiation safety risks of nuclear medicine examination.