陕北沙漠区浅埋厚煤层开采潜水位及生态响应

煤炭开采造成上覆岩层破裂、移动，破坏了矿区含（隔）水层结构，改变了地表水及地下水循环演化状态，对浅表层生态环境造成严重影响，引发一系列环境地质问题。为深入研究沙漠地区厚煤层开采给潜水位及生态环境造成的影响，以毛乌素沙漠金鸡滩矿为例，对水文地质条件进行了研究，采用数值模拟的方法，模拟了沙漠区厚煤层开采潜水位的变化，并通过采动潜水位监测数据验证了预测结果。调查分析了研究区及周边地表生态环境现状，预测采后潜水位基本满足植物生长需求，对生态环境影响不大。

Mining groundwater table and ecological response of shallow-buried and thick coal seam in desert area of Northern Shaanxi

The overlying strata were broken and moved by coal mining,which destroyed the structure of water-bearing(barrier)layer in the mining area,changed the circulation and evolution state of surface water and groundwater,and caused serious influence on the shallow ecological environment,and caused a series of environmental geological problems.In order to study the influence of thick coal seam mining on groundwater table and ecological environment in desert area,taking Jinjitan Coal Mine in Maowusu Desert as an example,the hydrogeological conditions were studied by numerical simulation,the variation of groundwater table in thick coal seam in desert area was simulated,and the prediction results were verified by monitoring data of groundwater table in mining.Based on the investigation and analysis of the current situation of the surface ecological environment in the study area and surrounding areas,it was predicted that the groundwater level after mining can basically meet the needs of plant growth,and had little impact on the ecological environment.