内蒙古自动站与人工观测数据差异对比分析

利用2006年内蒙古自治区共36个自动站和人工站平行观测资料,对观测得到的气象要素进行统计和评估。通过分析气温、气压、相对湿度、风等要素的对比差值及其标准差、对比差值的频次分布和空间分布等,探讨自动站与人工观测数据差异的可能原因。结果表明:内蒙古自动观测与人工观测各气象要素均存在一定的差异,对所有台站平均而言,其差异均在自动站差值允许范围之内。产生差异的原因:观测仪器结构与观测原理差异、观测时空差异和观测方式差异等。在将人工观测数据与自动观测数据连续使用时,需要根据当地情况进行适当订正,以确保资料的连续性。

Comparison on differences between automatic and manual observation data in Inner Mongolia

Based on the meteorological data from 36 stations in 2006 in Inner Mongolia, air temperature, pressure, relative humidity and wind from automatic and manual observation stations were compared and evaluated. The differences between automatic and manual observation data, the standard deviations of the differences, frequency and spatial distributions of the differences were analyzed in order to discuss the reasons causing the differences. The results indicate that there exist the differences between two observation systems for most meteorological elements. However, the differences are acceptable and in the range of allowable error of automatic observation station. The reasons forming the difference between automatic and manual observation data include the differences of instrument structure, observation theory and methods, observation time and space. In order to ensure the continuity of data, the manual observation data must be revised according to the local truth if the automatic and manual observation data are used together in a study.