城镇生活污水厌氧氨氧化处理的研究进展

厌氧氨氧化技术在城镇生活污水脱氮领域有巨大应用前景，在降低投资、低耗运行和污泥减量等方面具有重要优势，成为城镇生活污水处理的研究热点。本文综述了近年来厌氧氨氧化技术应用于城镇生活污水处理的最新研究进展，首先分析了有机物、污泥龄、溶解氧、温度及污泥截留等影响因素，认为厌氧氨氧化技术适宜处理城镇生活污水，并提出了相应技术挑战；探讨了侧流和主流厌氧氨氧化处理工艺在城镇生活污水处理中的优势、调控条件和现场应用效果。同时，根据现有研究结果，认为低氨氮浓度下保证稳定的亚硝态氮积累、低温条件下厌氧氨氧化稳定、厌氧氨氧化菌的快速富集以及主流工艺的推广应用等方面是城镇生活污水厌氧氨氧化处理大规模应用的瓶颈问题，并提出了厌氧氨氧化未来发展趋势。

Research progress of anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment of urban sewage

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology has huge application prospects in the field of urban domestic sewage denitrification. It has important advantages in reducing investment, low-consumption operation and sludge reduction, and has become a research hotspot in urban domestic sewage treatment. This article summarized the latest research progress of anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology in urban sewage treatment in recent years. The article first analyzed the influencing factors such as organic matter, sludge age, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and sludge retention. It was concluded that anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology is suitable. Treatment of urban domestic sewage, and corresponding technical challenges were proposed. The advantages of side stream and mainstream anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment processes in urban domestic sewage treatment, regulatory conditions, and field application effects were discussed. At the same time, according to the existing research results, it was considered that urban areas that ensure stable nitrite nitrogen accumulation at low ammonia nitrogen concentrations, stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation at low temperatures, rapid enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and popularization and application of mainstream processes are the bottleneck problems of large-scale application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation in domestic sewage. The future development trend of anaerobic ammonia oxidation was proposed.