相变储热技术用于被动式建筑节能的研究进展

相变潜热储能系统具有储热密度高、工作温度稳定和工艺流程简单等优点。相变材料可以通过多种方式与建筑物相结合，利用自身吸热/放热的特性对热能进行储存和释放，从而提高可再生能源的利用率。研究表明，相变储热单元能够有效地降低室内的温度波动，提高室内环境的热舒适性，减少建筑能耗。本文基于相变储热技术在建筑围护结构中的墙体、屋顶、地板以及窗户的研究现状，对近年来被动式储热建筑节能的研究现状进行了综述。阐述了适用于建筑物的相变材料的特点、优化相变材料热性能的方法、相变储热技术调控室内热环境的原理以及相变材料应用于建筑物的节能效果。文章指出，未来的研究应注重高性能相变材料的开发、复合工艺的简化以及室内热环境的综合评价。

Research progress of phase change heat storage technology for passive energy conservation in buildings

The latent heat energy storage system has the advantages of high heat storage density, stable working temperature and simple process. Phase change materials can be used in buildings in a variety of ways because they can store and release energy by utilizing their endothermic/exothermic properties, thereby increasing the utilization of renewable energy. Studies have shown that latent heat storage units can effectively reduce indoor temperature fluctuations, improve indoor thermal comfort, and reduce building energy consumption. Based on the applications of phase change materials in walls, roofs, floors and windows of buildings, this paper reviews the research status of passive energy-saving applications of phase-change materials in buildings in recent years. The characteristics of phase change materials suitable for buildings, methods for optimizing the thermal properties of phase change materials, the principle of phase change heat storage technology to regulate the indoor thermal environment, and the energy saving effects of phase change materials are introduced. Future research should focus on the development of high-performance phase change materials, the simplification of the composite processes, and the comprehensive assessment of indoor thermal environment.