植物PPR蛋白家族研究进展

PPR(pentatricopeptide repeat)是一种三角状五肽重复结构域，具有该结构域的蛋白质家族是植物最大的蛋白家族之一，其在植物生长发育过程中发挥着广泛而且至关重要的作用。大部分PPR蛋白N端具有线粒体或叶绿体定位序列，是研究植物核质互作的理想模型。本文从结构特征、亚细胞定位、组织结构和表达特点等方面总结了PPR蛋白的主要特征，归纳了其在叶绿体和线粒体RNA加工、细胞质雄性不育恢复、胚胎发育等作用机理方面的研究进展，分析了其家族进化关系，并对研究中存在的问题及可能的研究方向进行了展望。

The Progress of PPR Protein Family in Plants

Proteins containing the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) motifs constitute one of the biggest protein families in plants, which play broad and essential roles in plant development. The N-terminus of most PPR proteins possess mitochondria or chloroplast targeting sequence, making them ideal models for studies in nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions. In this article, the structural feature, subcellular localization, organization and expression characteristic of PPR proteins were summarized. The mechanisms of PPR proteins in mitochondria or chloroplast RNA processing, restoring fertility of CMS and regulating embryo development were reviewed. The evolution of the protein family was analyzed. And the prospect of problems existed and probable research orientations was proposed.