农村改厕对蝇类种群密度影响及卫生效果评价

目的了解济南地区农村改厕对蝇类种群密度的影响，评价农村改厕的卫生效果。方法卫生效果评价以蝇类种群密度为指标，采用捕蝇笼诱捕法。结果农村改厕申家庄、明理和七里堡3村，平均蝇密度为3．6只·笼^-1·8h^-1；未改厕的西铺、清水坡和西张3个对照村，平均蝇密度为65．93只·笼^-1·8h^-1，改厕农村蝇类种群密度与未改厕农村相比，平均下降了94．54％（t’=4．18，t’0.01=3．01，P〈0．01）。结论农村改厕使农户用上了节水型高压水冲式卫生户厕，能够使蝇类种群密度大幅度下降，农民的生活环境质量得到明显改善和提高，卫生效果良好。

Density of flies' species and sanitary evaluation result after toilet reform in countryside

Objective To know the toilet reforms influence to the flies＇ species density in the countryside of Ji-nan, evaluating the sanitary result of toilet reform of countryside. Methods The sanitary result was evaluated as the density index of flies, applying temptation method and using fly trap cage. Results In the reformed toilets of three villages Shenjiazhuang, Mingli and Qilibao, the average density of flies was 3.6 pieces per cage for 8 h; in the unreformed toilets of three villages Xipu, Qingshuipo and Xizhang, the average density of flies was 65.93 pieces per cage for 8 h. It reduced 94.54% in average （t＇= 4. 18, t＇0 01 = 3.01, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The reformed toilet with a high water pressure and water flush in countryside can reduce the flies＇ population in a big amount, there-fore, the farmers living condition has been improved obviously with the excellent sanitary environment.