承载力:从静态到动态的转变

承载力的概念来自于生态学领域。随着该概念应用范围的拓展，尤其在人类活动对环境影响中的应用，被赋予了不同的内涵，在国际学术界引起广泛的争议，不仅生物学家、生态学家对其提出质疑，而且生态经济学家和主流经济学家也在一些与之相关的观点上存在着严重的分歧。本文试图从承载力的起源、内涵的演变、存在的缺陷和定量的测度等方面对其进行刻划，同时揭示了国际上有关承载力研究的进展。

CARRYING CAPACITY: A TRANSFORMATION FROM THE STATIC TO THE DYNAMIC

The concept of carrying capacity comes from ecology, with wide contentions of its theoretical connotations and applications in the international academic circle, especially its applications to impacts of human activities on environment. The doubts on carrying capacity have been thrown not only by biologists and ecologists, but also by mainstream economists. Based on their work, the author makes an attempt to characterize its origination, connotations, flaws and measurement, and at the same time some the related advances in this field have been exhibited.