未知波速系统中声发射与微震震源三维解析综合定位方法及工程应用

 目前常用的声发射与微震震源定位方法存在的问题有：定位精度严重依赖于迭代算法、迭代初值和预先测定的波速值；已有的解析定位方法因含有平方根亦存在解不唯一的问题。为解决以上两大方面的定位难题，建立了未知波速系统的三维微震或声发射震源定位的控制方程，求得该系统下的解析解，该解析解在传感器数量N = 6时，可以确定唯一的微震或声发射震源坐标，求解方程亦为线性方程，解唯一，与已有的三维定位的解析解相比，其优势在于坐标值计算没有平方根运算，没有虚根，解唯一。当传感器数量大于6时，提出了基于解析解与Log-logistic概率密度函数的综合定位方法。对建立的三维解析综合定位方法用冬瓜山矿爆破试验进行验证，结果表明，定位精度较高。通过与已有方法比较分析发现，三维解析综合定位方法比传统方法的定位结果精度高，综合定位方法的优势在于不需要迭代求解，计算公式简单，物理意义明确，不受波速和迭代算法的影响，较传统方法TT(无需测速到时法)和TD(无需测速到时差法)更具有工程实际应用价值。

Three-dimensional analytical comprehensive solutions for acoustic emission/microseismic sources of unknown velocity system

The location accuracy of traditional methods based on the time difference is always influenced by the iterative method，the initial value and the pre-measured velocity. Solutions are not unique due to the square root calculations. In order to resolve the above two problems，the nonlinear location equations for the time difference of arrivals were simplified to linear equations and an analytical location method without the square root calculations was developed. A set of analytical solutions for AE / microseismic source location (ASS) were proposed for the unknown velocity systems where N = 6. Only the coordinates of the sensors and P-wave arrival times are required by the ASS method to accurately solve the source location parameters in real-time situations. The log-logistic distribution was used to determine the microseismic source locations. The blasting tests in the Dongguashan mine were used to verify the proposed analytical method for N≥6. Results show that the location accuracy of the proposed analytical solution is higher than the traditional method. The method highlights four outstanding advantages: no iterative solution; no pre-measured velocity; no initially evaluated source coordinates and no square root calculations.