有机与常规种植方式烤烟综合效益分析

随着人们对环境与食品安全的关注,有机产品的消费需求应运而生,有机烟草生产也开始在国内出现.为了探索有机烤烟种植方式的可行性,作者于2008年至2010年在大理州宾川县拉乌乡开展了有机烟叶生产试验示范,从种植技术、烤烟农艺性状、病害发生、常规化学成分、产量效益等,综合分析了有机种植与常规种植的差异,为有机烟叶规模化生产提供指导.结果表明,种植密度对烟叶中后期病害的发生影响较大,有机种植应适当降低种植密度；施肥量不仅影响烤烟生长、产量与品质,而且与烟叶中后期病害程度直接相关；有机种植的初烤烟叶较常规种植的产量平均减少18.7％,因此发展有机烤烟种植,主管部门应出台相应的补贴政策.

Analysis of Comprehensive Efficiency of Traditional and Organic Tobacco Planting Method

With the increase of concern on security of environment and food,organic products became popular and organic tobacco production also rise in China.In order to explore the possibility of organic tobacco production,experiments and extension were conducted in Lawu County,Dali of Yunnan Province.Planting technique,agricultural characters,diseases,yield and quality of tobacco were investigated to analyze the difference between organic and traditional planting method.The results showed that planting density significantly affected the disease of tobacco leave in the later period,so it was better to decrease the planting density in organic tobacco planting method.The rate of fertilize was not only closely related to plant growth,yield and quality,but also to the disease of tobacco leave in the later period.After curing,the yield of organic tobacco leaf was decreased 18.7 % than that of traditional method.Therefore,for organic tobacco production development,Tobacco Company should set up composition policy to encourage the production.