脉冲振荡法测定学龄前咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童肺功能

目的:了解学龄前咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童肺功能状况。方法:应用脉冲振荡法测定学龄前咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿气道总阻力(R5)、中心气道阻力(R20)、周边弹性阻力(X5)、响应频率(Fres),由R5减去R20得到小气道阻力(R5-R20),与正常儿童作对照。部分患儿作吸入支气管扩张剂前后气道阻力对比。结果:咳嗽变异性哮喘组R5,R20,R5-R20,X5,Fres异常,与正常对照组比较有显著差异,尤以R5-R20和X5最明显(P<0.001)。吸入支气管扩张剂后各气道阻力明显下降。结论:学龄前咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童小气道阻力明显增高,呼吸系统顺应性下降;支气管扩张剂能改善气道阻力。脉冲振荡法可作为学龄前咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童肺功能测定的常规方法。

Determination of pulmonary function in pre-school children with cough variance asthma with impulse oscillometry

Objective To observe the pulmonary function in pre-school children with cough variance asthma. Methods Thirty-two pre-school children with cough variance asthma and healthy children were evaluated with impulse oscillometry, and compared R_5, R_ 20, R_5-R_ 20, X_5 and resonant frequency(Fres). In addition, bronchodiation test was performed to compare those indexes in 29 patients. Results In CVA group, R_5, R_ 20, R_5-R_ 20, X_5 and Fres were significantly different from the control group, especially R_5-R_ 20 and X_5(P<0.001). Airway resistances were improved obviously after bronchodilator administration. Conclusion The degree of small airway resistance is increased obviously. The respiratory compliance is descent. Airway resistances can be improved by bronchodilator. Impulse oscillometry is well suited for routine use to determination of pulmonary function in pre-school children with cough variance asthma.