北京市原东城区乙型病毒性肝炎病毒母婴传播阻断效果评估

目的分析和评价北京市原东城区乙肝疫苗阻断乙肝母婴传播的效果及影响因素,探讨科学有效的阻断方法,为制定预防乙肝母婴传播措施提供科学依据。方法通过现况调查方式,调查原东城区在册登记的母亲乙肝阳性儿童的免疫接种情况、母亲感染情况、分娩方式、喂养方式等信息,并进行乙肝感染指标及保护性抗体的血清学检测,评价乙肝疫苗阻断乙肝母婴传播的免疫效果,分析各种因素对阻断效果的影响。结果此次现况调查母亲HBsAg阳性的儿童465人,乙肝感染率5.59%,疫苗保护率为93.42%。接种血源型疫苗后的感染率24.00%,接种基因工程乙肝疫苗(重组酵母)后的感染率3.37%。接种不同种类乙肝疫苗的儿童乙肝感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=35.965,P=0.000)。结论北京市原东城区采取乙肝母婴传播阻断措施效果显著,母亲阳性儿童乙肝感染率已降至较低水平;基因疫苗取代血源疫苗后,保护率显著提高。乙肝疫苗和HBIG联合免疫对提高疫苗保护率效果不显著;母亲感染状况是影响母婴传播阻断效果的重要因素,单阳母亲的母婴传播阻断效果优于双阳母亲;原东城区母亲阳性儿童保持了较高的抗体阳转率和抗体滴度水平。

Evaluation of effectiveness of immunization with hepatitis B vaccine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin to block mother-to-child transmission in Dongcheng district of Beijing

Objective To analyze and evaluate effectiveness of immunization with hepatitis B (HB) vaccine combined with HB immunoglobulin (HBIG) to block its mother-to-child transmission and factors influencing it in Dongcheng district, Beijing, and explore scientific and effective methods to block it to provide scientific evidence for formulating measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HB. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate HB immunization status of children born to mothers with...