大鼠肋生长板软骨细胞的分离、培养及生物学特性的研究

目的：建立大鼠肋生长板软骨细胞（RGC）分离、培养的方法，探讨其生物学特性，为软骨细胞增殖分化的调控和软骨组织工程修复的研究建立实验基础。 方法： 显微解剖出大鼠肋生长板软骨，酶消化法获得分散的单个RGC。观察单层培养的不同代数RGC的细胞形态变化,并进行细胞生长动力学分析；组织化学和免疫细胞化学方法检测不同代数RGC蛋白多糖和Ⅱ型胶原的表达。 结果： 本实验分离的RGC中活细胞比例大于98%；原代培养细胞呈多角形或圆形，第6代细胞仍保持多角的形态；前4代细胞的每日倍增指数随着传代次数的增加而增加，第5代后显著降低；原代培养的RGC中Ⅱ型胶原阳性染色细胞比例大于95%，阿尔新蓝染色也呈阳性；随着传代次数增加阳性细胞的比例下降。 结论： 本研究所建立的分离培养方法可以获得高纯度、高活性的软骨细胞，前3代RGC保持了在体软骨细胞的表型是研究软骨增殖分化调控的良好材料。

Isolation and culture of rat costochondral growth plate chondrocytes and investigation of their biological character

AIM: To establish the methods for rat costochondral growth plate chondrocyte (RGC) separation and culture and investigate their biological features, thereby provide experimental bases for studying the regulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. METHODS: RGC were obtained by microdissection and digestion, and cultured in monolayer. Morphological changes of the serial passage of RGC and the cell growth kinectics were observed. The cellular GAG and collagen type Ⅱ expression were detected by histochemistry and ICC. RESULTS: There were more than 98% viable cells in the obtained RGC. The morphology of primary cultured RGC was round or polygon. In this experiment, the sixth passage RGC was still maintained and showed polygonal morphology. The index of duplicatings/day increased in the preceding fourth passage RGC and decreased afterwards. There were more than 95% cells expressed collagen type Ⅱ and alcine blue stained positively in the primary RGC, as the passage number increased, the ratio of collagen type Ⅱ expression and alcine blue positive stained RGC dropped abruptly. CONCLUSION: The separation and culture methods adopted in this study can obtain high pure and viable RGC. The preceding three passage RGC maintains their in vivo phenotype, they are idle experimental materials for studying the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of chondrocyte and tissue engineering.