红荷包杏的开花坐果习性

红荷包杏是当前国内自然形成的成熟最早的杏树良种，但对其开花坐果习性一直缺乏系统、科学的研究，生产上误解甚多。结合多年实践及科学设计研究方案，初步摸清了其不同树龄、不同树势、不同结果部位及不同结果枝类的败育花率和开花坐果习性。结果显示：红荷包杏坐果率的高低与树龄、树势、结果枝类、结果部位和开花批次有密切关系．红荷包杏幼树的早期丰产比较困难，其丰产稳产的时期在五年生以后才能达到；盛果期正常生长的红荷包杏树，以短果枝及花束状果枝结果为主；虫媒和人工授粉对红荷包杏的授粉、坐果起着决定性的作用，风媒对红荷包杏的授粉基本不起作用；红荷包杏白花坐果率不是零．

Flowering and Fruiting Characteristics of 'Red Bag' Apricot

Apricot 'red bag' is the most precocious apricot cultivar that naturally occurred in China. However, as little was known about its blooming and fruit-setting habits, much misunderstanding and great loss had been brought about. The present study was thus designed as to have successfully identified those habits as well as the cause of sterility in relation to the tree age, tree vigor, type of bearing branch, and bearing position. As was shown in the result, 'red bag' had much to depend in its fruit-setting on the tree age, tree vigor, type of fruiting branch, fruiting position, and blooming order. The tree usually began to produce a big and stable crop in five years from the initial planting, and fruiting took place mainly on the spurs and flower-bunch-type branches for those full fruiting trees. Insect and artificial pollination were essential to the rate of fertilization and fruit setting, whereas wind pollination demonstrated little effect. Self-pollination in 'red bag' did result in some fruit setting.