Cannabinoids in Pain Treatment: An Overview |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Stanford Health Care, Division Pain Medicine Redwood City, California, USA;2. College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA;1. Central Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China;2. Xinxiang Institute for New Medicine, Xinxing, Henan, China;3. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China;1. HammondCare, Greenwich Hospital, Department of Palliative Care, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. The University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia;3. University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Faculty of Health, IMPACCT (Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation Sydney), Sydney, NSW, Australia;4. School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA;5. University of New South Wales (UNSW), South Western Sydney Clinical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia;6. Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia;1. Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina;2. Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina;3. Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina;4. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina;1. Department of Hemodialysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, China;2. Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, China;1. Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Health Science Department of Surgical Nursing, Manisa, Turkey;2. Celal Bayar University, Institute of Health Science, Department of Surgical Nursing, Manisa, Turkey;3. Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Social Work, Manisa, Turkey;4. Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Manisa, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | The current landscape contains conflicting reports regarding the use of medical marijuana, creating fields of misinformation and lack of understanding by health care providers about cannabinoids. In this article we provide a dispassionate look at medical marijuana, while providing a clinical overview focusing on pain management. We examine the mechanisms of the endocannabinoid system, along with the pharmacology of cannabinoids. Current research on the use of marijuana for the treatment of pain is reviewed. Finally, recommendations for pain management nurses on integrating research, clinical practice, and U.S. drug policy are made. |
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