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Sugarcane glycoproteins may act as signals for the production of xanthan in the plant-associated bacterium Xanthomonas albilineans
Authors:María-Estrella Legaz  María Blanch  Dolores Pi?ón  Rocío Santiago  Blanca Fontaniella  Yolanda Blanco  María-Teresa Solas  Carlos Vicente
Affiliation:1.Intercellular Communication in Plant Symbiosis Team; Instituto del Frío; CSIC; Madrid, Spain;4.Department of Cell Biology; Faculty of Biology; Instituto del Frío; CSIC; Madrid, Spain;2.Department of Plant Food Science and Technology; Instituto del Frío; CSIC; Madrid, Spain;3.INICA; National Institute of Sugarcane Research; La Habana, Cuba
Abstract:Visual symptoms of leaf scald necrosis in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) leaves develop in parallel to the accumulation of a fibrous material invading exocellular spaces and both xylem and phloem. These fibers are produced and secreted by the plant-associated bacterium Xanthomonas albilineans. Electron microscopy and specific staining methods for polysaccharides reveal the polysaccharidic nature of this material. These polysaccharides are not present in healthy leaves or in those from diseased plants without visual symptoms of leaf scald. Bacteria in several leaf tissues have been detected by immunogold labeling. The bacterial polysaccharide is not produced in axenic culture but it is actively synthesized when the microbes invade the host plant. This finding may be due to the production of plant glycoproteins, after bacteria infection which inhibit microbial proteases. In summary, our data are consistent with the existence of a positive feedback loop in which plant-produced glycoproteins act as a cell-to-bacteria signal that promotes xanthan production, by protecting some enzymes of xanthan biosynthesis against from bacterial proteolytic degradation.Key words: leaf scald, infectivity, Saccharum officinarum (L.) cv. mayarí 55-14, sugarcane glycoproteins, xanthan-like polysaccharide, Xanthomonas albilineans
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