治疗糖尿病中药有效组分配伍比例的筛选与验证

目的:运用均匀设计结合药理模型的方法筛选黄连总生物碱与三七总皂苷组合物(HS组合物)的最佳配伍比例,观察该剂量HS组合物对糖尿病并发症的影响。方法:以黄连总生物碱、三七总皂苷为研究对象,根据均匀设计方案选用U6(62)表分组设计,以小鼠血糖、血浆凝血酶原时间(PT),活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)为筛选指标,回归分析获得最佳剂量配比。采用高糖高脂结合链脲佐菌素诱导2型糖尿病大鼠模型,将大鼠分为空白组,模型组,二甲双胍组(150 mg·kg-1),HS组合物组(黄连总生物碱360 mg·kg-1,三七总皂苷40 mg·kg-1),灌胃给药10周,通过观察各组大鼠血糖、糖耐量并计算血糖曲线下面积(AUC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),血液流变学指标以及胰腺、心脏、肾脏、视网膜的病理变化,验证该组合物对糖尿病并发症的作用。结果:HS组合物的小鼠给药最佳配伍比例为黄连总生物碱625 mg·kg-1+三七总皂苷60 mg·kg-1。验证实验显示,与空白组比较,模型组小鼠空腹血糖及血脂水平显著升高(P 0. 01),HDL-C显著降低(P 0. 01);全血高、中、低切黏度均显著升高(P 0. 01),胰腺、心脏、肾脏、视网膜损伤程度较重;与模型组比较,二甲双胍组于给药第6,8,10周血糖明显降低(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),HS组合物组第2,4,8,10周空腹血糖水平明显降低(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),血清中TG及LDL-C值明显降低(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),HDL-C,HDL-C/LDL-C值显著升高(P 0. 01),全血高切黏度与全血中切黏度均显著降低(P 0. 01);病理结果显示,HS组合物能减轻大鼠胰腺、心脏、肾脏以及视网膜的损伤。结论:HS组合物最佳配伍剂量对高糖高脂结合链脲佐菌素诱导的大鼠糖尿病并发症具有良好的抑制作用。

Screening and Verification of Compatibility Proportion of Effective Components from Traditional Chinese Medicine of Diabetes

Objective: To screen the best compatibility proportion of total alkaloids of Coptidis Rhizoma and Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma total saponins (HS composition)by uniform design and pharmacological model and to observe the effect on diabetic complications. Method: The total alkaloids of Coptidis Rhizoma and Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma total saponins were used as the research objects, U₆(6²) table was choosed for grouping design.The content of triglyceride fasting blood-glucose (FBG), prothrombin time (PT) and active partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was chosen as index. The best dose ratio was obtained by multipleregression analysis. Rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by high-fat diet combined streptozotocin were divided into blank group, model group, metformin group (150 mg·kg^-1), HS composition group (total alkaloids of Coptidis Rhizoma 360 mg·kg^-1+ Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma total saponins 40 mg·kg^-1). Rats were administered orally for 10 weeks.By observing the blood glucose, glucose tolerance,area under the curve (AUC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), hemorheological indexes and pathological changes of pancreas, heart, kidney and retina in rats of each group, the effect of this composition on diabetic complications was verified. Result: Combination of 625 mg·kg^-1 total alkaloids of Coptidis Rhizoma and 60 mg·kg^-1 Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma total saponins was the optimal dosage ratio of HS composition.The validation test showed that compared with blank group, the fasting blood glucose and lipid levels in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and HDL-C was decreased (P<0.01).The hemorheology indexes of whole blood were significantly increased (P<0.01).Compared with model group, the FBG in metformin group were significantly reduced at week 6,8,10(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with model group,HS combination group 2, 4, 8, 10 weeks significantly lower fasting glucose levels(P<0.05,P<0.01), serum TG, LDL-C significantly lower values(P<0.05,P<0.01), HDL-C, HDL-C/LDL-C values were significantly increased (P<0.01), whole blood high shear viscosity and whole blood viscosity were significantly reduced (P<0.01).HS composition could reduce the blood sugar and lipid content, reduce the whole blood viscosity, and reduce the damage of pancreas, heart, kidney and retina. Conclusion: The optimum compatibility dose of HS composition have a good therapeutic effect on diabetic complication rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.