2010年上海市松江区15岁以下健康人群水痘抗体水平监测分析

目的]了解松江区15岁以下健康人群水痘抗体水平状况,为水痘的免疫学策略提供科学依据。方法]2010年10月抽取松江区散居、幼托、小学、初中4个人群各50名健康儿童的静脉血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定水痘免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体。结果]松江区15岁以下健康人群水痘抗体总阳性率为66.5%,抗体浓度均值为2 194.9 IU/L。有水痘疫苗免疫史的健康儿童的抗体阳性率明显高于无免疫史的儿童（χ2=13.198,P〈0.001）;接种年限小于4年的儿童抗体阳性率明显大于接种年限在4年及以上的儿童（χ2=5.457,P=0.019）。结论]松江地区15岁以下健康人群水痘抗体水平普遍较低,建议提高健康儿童水痘疫苗的覆盖率以建立水痘免疫屏障,同时建议改变水痘疫苗免疫策略以提高其免疫持久性。

Monitoring and Analysis of Varicella Antibody Levels among Healthy Children below 15 Years of Age in Songjiang District,Shanghai,2010

Objective] To determine the levels of varicella antibody among healthy people less than 15 years old in Songjiang District of Shanghai so as to provide a scientific basis for varicella immunological strategy.Methods] A total of 50 healthy children from scattered homes,kindergartens,primary and middle schools in Songjiang were selected to test varicella immunoglobulin G（IgG） antibodies in their blood using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） in October 2010.Results] The total positive rate of varicella antibodies among the healthy people less than 15 years old in Songjiang was 66.5%.The average concentration of varicella antibodies was 2 194.9 IU/L.The positive rate of antibodies in children with varicella vaccination history was significantly higher than those without（χ2=13.198,P 0.001）,and that in children vaccinated whthin 4 years was significantly higher than those vaccinated before 4 years（χ2=5.457,P = 0.019）.Conclusion] The varicella antibody levels are low among healthy people less than 15 years old in Songjiang District.So it is recommended to improve the coverage of varicella vaccination among healthy children to establish immunobarrier and also to change immunological strategy to enhance immune persistence.