基于熵权法的节水型社会建设区域类型分析

针对节水型社会建设中重点不突出、目标不明确的问题,通过熵权法及模糊综合评价法建立了节水型社会区域类型评价模型。从水资源、社会经济和节水潜力3个方面构建了包含12项指标的节水型社会区域类型评价体系。采用熵权法计算区域类型评价指标的权重向量,通过模糊综合评价法计算出不同区域在水资源条件、社会经济条件、节水潜力大小的评价值,进而得到相应的节水型社会建设区域类型。将模型应用到陕西省节水型社会建设区域类型划分中,从结果可以得出关中为“中度缺水-中度发达-潜力较小”型、陕北为“严重缺水-较发达-潜力较大”型、陕南为“轻度缺水-欠发达-潜力较大”型。该模型能够较客观地反映出节水型社会建设的区域特点及建设重点,应用实例具有普遍适用性。

Analysis on the Regional Type of Water-saving Society Based on Entropy Weight Method

Regional type of water-saving social construction, involving all aspects of water conservancy development and social economic development, is a key of the current and future construction of water-saving society, therefore, it needs to be further explored in theory and practice. However, the focus and the objective of the construction of water-saving society are not clear. To clarify the focus and aim, the model for evaluating of the regional type of water-saving society was established by combining the entropy weight method and fuzzy synthetic evaluation method. Water-saving society regional type evaluation system was constructed from the aspects of water resources, social economy and water-saving potential which include 12 indicators. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight vector of regional type evaluation indices, and the different evaluation values of these three aspects were calculated with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The regional types of water-saving society were obtained. Considering the natural conditions and social economic conditions, Shaanxi Province is divided into Guanzhong region, northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi. These three regions have great differences in natural geography, water resources, social and economic development level. According to the entropy method, the five main indicators with greater weights among the 12 indicators were years of average rainfall (ω = 0.242), water resources utilization (ω= 0.339), per capita income (ω= 0.291), recycling rate of industrial water (ω= 0.262) and agricultural water-saving evaluation (ω= 0.289). The regional division result indicated that Guanzhong is a region of “moderate water shortage-moderately developed-less potential”, northern Shaanxi is a region of “severe water shortage-more developed-great potential”, and southern Shaanxi is a region of “slight water deficiency-less developed-great potential”. Suggestions for different regions were given according to the characteristics of the regions. The main task of Guanzhong region is controlling water quantity, strengthening water pollution control construction, constructing water diversion project and improving industrial and agricultural water-saving technology. Northern Shaanxi should focus primarily on multiple water resource use, water saving in industry and agriculture, water resources protection and pollution control. The main work for Southern Shaanxi is increasing investment on water-saving construction, protecting water resources and improving water resources utilization efficiency.