宋家坡铜矿南区复杂矿体开采方案研究

宋家坡铜矿南部矿区因前期民采,1 300 m以上分布着形状较为复杂的采空区,地表上部有某乡镇公路穿过,地下矿石开采严重威胁到公路运输安全.在现场调查和实验基础上,研究提出了三个开采方案.采用三维有限元,对各回采方案的应力、安全率和塑性区分布进行分析和比较,研究提出了相应的控制措施,推荐了最优的回采方案.提出留矿石顶柱和嗣后充填等方法保持采空区和地表公路稳定性.结果表明：嗣后充填可有效减少上覆岩层应力集中和位移.方案已应用于矿山生产实践,并取得了较好的应用效果.

Research on Mining Schemes of Complex Ore Body in Southern Areas of Songjiapo Copper Mine

Due to the previous illegal mining,the mined-out areas with complex shape are distributed above 1 300 m in the southern area of Songjiapo copper mine.There is a rural road passing through the ground surface.The underground mining will threaten the road transportation safety.Based on the field investigation and experiments,three mining schemes are put forward.Using 3-D finite element method,the distribution of stress,safety rate and plastic zone of different mining methods are analyzed and compared.Moreover,the corresponding control measures are given,and the optimal mining scheme is recommended.Two new methods to reserve ore top pillar and subsequent filling are proposed to maintain the stability of mined-out areas and surface road.The results show that the stress concentration and the displacement of the rock can be effectively reduced by subsequent filling.The scheme has been applied in the production practice with good results.