新疆喀什地区2004年艾滋病综合调查分析

目的摸清各类人群艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染率和行为学指标,弥补监测数据不足,掌握喀什地区艾滋病（AIDS）流行现状,为制定可行的防治策略提供科学依据.方法随机抽取吸毒者、暗娼、性病门诊就诊者、孕产妇和调查时医院就诊者等5类人群,进行行为危险因素问卷调查和HIV抗体、梅毒和吸毒人群的丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）抗体检测.结果调查的400名吸毒者中,注射吸毒者占36.75%,近1个月内的共用针具率为15%.吸毒者最近一次与其配偶或性伴有性行为时安全套的使用率仅为10.78%,其HIV、HCV和梅毒感染率分别为24.25%、42.00%和42.25%,共用注射器吸毒者的HIV、HCV感染率均高于非共用者.暗娼、性病患者、孕产妇和调查时医院就诊者的HIV和梅毒感染率分别为0.67%和8.00%、0和5.75%、0.12%和4.61%、0.19%和1.45%.被调查人群艾滋病知识水平较低,普遍存在高风险行为.结论当地吸毒人群艾滋病的流行处于较高水平,流行的危险因素广泛存在,扩大流行的可行性极大.

A comprehensive survey on HIV/AIDS in Kashgar prefecture of Xinjiang

Objective To investigate HIV prevalence and AIDS related behaviors among different population groups,and to upgrade surveillance data for HIV/AIDS prevention strategies.Methods Drug users,CSWs,STI patients,pregnant women and unlinked outpatients were randomly selected as the subject of the cross-sectional survey through cluster sampling,and BSS questionnaire were completed and venous blood samples were obtained to test HIV and syphilis(hepatitis C testing was also undertaken for drug users).Results Of the 400 drug users of the survey,36.37% were IDUs and 15% of the IDUs had ever shared injecting equipment during the last one month.The condom use rate among the drug users in the last sex act was 10.78%.The prevalence rates of HIV,HCV and syphilis among drug users were 24.25%,42.00% and 42.25% respectively,and prevalence rates of HIV and HCV among those who shared syringe were higher than that of others.The prevalence rates of HIV and syphilis of CSWs,STI patients,pregnant women and unlinked out patients were 0.67% and 8.00%,0 and 5.75%,0.12% and 4.61%,and 0.19% and 1.45% respectively.All subjects investigated had a low understanding in HIV/AIDS and high risk behaviors.Conclusion High prevalence of HIV among drug users was very evident in Kashgar prefecture.There are high risk factors for HIV transmission in this prefecture and the possibility of extensive transmission has become significant.