林业产权、市场环境对农户不同生产环节林业投入的影响——来自集体林改试点省福建林农的调查

基于福建429份农户调研数据,运用Tobit模型实证检验了林业产权、市场环境对农户不同生产环节林业投入的影响效应。研究结果表明：① 农户抚育环节投入大于种植环节;② 林权主体改革通过稳定产权对农户种植和抚育环节投入有一定促进作用,且造林补贴和林业贷款分别对种植投入和抚育投入具有促进作用,但采伐指标申请难易程度对两环节投入的影响均不显著;③ 市场环境中,农户造林意识的增强以及种植环节对劳动力的刚性需求,导致林业雇工价格越高,种植投入越多,林地租赁价格的提高则抑制了农户抚育投入的增加,而木材市场价格对两环节投入影响也均不显著。因此,为调动农户投入积极性,应进一步落实集体林权主体改革,推广森林抚育补贴,加大林业贷款支持力度,培育健康活跃的林业市场环境。

Impact of forest property rights and market environment on peasant household forestry investments in different production links in Fujian

We surveyed 429 peasant households in Fujian to study the intensity and differences in forestry investments in different production links. We used Tobit model to examine the impact of forest property rights and market environment on forestland investments. We found that as trees have a longer growth cycle, forestland investments in tending link are greater than planting link. The main reform of collective forest tenure has a positive impact on planting and tending links’ investments through stable forest property rights; forestation subsidy can promote the intensity of planting investment and forestry loans improve the intensity of tending investments. In contrast, the difficulty in applying for logging timber has no significant effect on planting and tending links’ investments. The rigid demand for labor at the planting link has led to the employer price of forestry positively affecting forestland investments in planting link. The lease price of forestland in market environment has negative impact on tending link investment, however, the timber market price has no obvious effect on planting and tending investments. Therefore, in order to mobilize the investment enthusiasm of farmers to increase the volume of collective forest and realize the international commitment of National Independent Contribution, we suggest that government further implements the main reform of collective forest tenure to improve the stability of forest property rights, promote forest tending subsidy, strengthen the forestry loan supporting dynamics and coverage, crack down on the price monopoly of abnormal means, promote fair competition in the timber market, and cultivate a healthy and vibrant forestry market environment.