铋的特殊性质及其在高新技术领域的应用前景

我国的铋储量和产量均居世界首位，但是由于它的应用市场主要在欧美等国家，出口量及市场价格长期受国外市场和资本的控制。总结了铋的特殊性质，如无毒、密度大、熔点低、冷胀热缩、超导性、抗磁性、光伏效应等；分析了铋在高新技术领域的发展，包括铋基催化材料、铋基钙钛矿太阳能电池、铋基低熔点合金3D打印技术、铋基柔性可穿戴设备和铋基癌症诊疗一体化平台等方面。期望为铋元素及其化合物的深入研究与开发提供参考，并促进我国相关铋产业的发展。

Special Properties of Bismuth and Its Application Prospect in High-tech Field

The reserves and yield of bismuth in China are the first in the world. However, the application market is mainly in Europe and America, the export volume and market price are controlled by foreign market and capital for a long time. The special properties of bismuth are summarized, such as non-toxic, high density, low melting point, cold expansion and heat contraction, superconductivity, diamagnetism, photovoltaic effect, etc. The development of bismuth in high-tech field is analyzed, including bismuth-based catalytic materials, bismuth-based perovskite solar cells, bismuth-based low melting point alloy 3D printing technology, bismuth-based flexible wearable devices and bismuth-based cancer diagnosis and treatment integrated platform, etc. It is expected to provide reference for the in-depth research and development of bismuth and its compounds, and promote the development of related bismuth industry in China.