过敏性鼻炎与支气管哮喘212例临床分析

目的：比较过敏性鼻炎合并支气管哮喘患者和支气管哮喘（支哮）患者的临床特点及相互依存的内在关系，寻找有效提高防治的方法。方法对本院近年收治的212例支哮患者分为78例合并过敏性鼻炎患者和134例支哮患者进行归纳总结并比较分析，比较2组患者的危险因素、发病年龄段和不同职业的发病率。结果本组病例中过敏性鼻炎合并支哮患者占所有哮喘患者的36.8%，男女比率分别为34.4%和40.7%；发生率并不是随着年龄的增加而增加（青少年和老年人的发病率较高）；学生、化工、轻工业人员和家务工等职业发病率较高；其高危因素为过敏性体质、遗传、环境因素和感染等。结论过敏性鼻炎和支哮都是气道炎症性疾病；及早治疗过敏性鼻炎和加强哮喘的教育管理可减少支哮的发作，并能防止过敏性鼻炎进一步发展为支哮；对危险因素和不适应职业患者则应作相应避免。

The clinical analysis of 212 cases of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma

Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics and internal relationships of allergic rhinitis combined bronchial asthma patients and bronchial asthma patients with the hope of looking for treatment methods. Methods：The clin-ical data of 212 cases of bronchial asthma patients,in which 78 cases were combined with allergic rhinitis,were summa-rized and analyzed for the risk factors,the incidence of different ages and the incidence of occupational. Results：In the current study,allergic rhinitis combined bronchial asthma patients accounted for 36. 8% of all patients with 34. 4% male and 40. 7% female. The occurrence rate was not increased with increasing age（ adolescents and elderly had higher inci-dence rate ）;higher incidence rate was observed in student,chemical workers and other professional staff. Their risk fac-tors included the allergic constitution,genetic,and environmental factors such as infections. Conclusions：Both allergic rhinitis and asthma are belonged to airway inflammatory diseases. The early treatment and strengthen education management can reduce the incidence rate of asthma and prevent the further development of allergic rhinitis and asthma support. The risk factors and occupational exposure should be avoided.