基于遥感与GIS技术的黄河宁蒙河段洪泛湿地生态环境脆弱性定量评价

黄河上游是黄河四大洪泛湿地集中分布区之一,属于典型的生态环境脆弱地区，加上人为活动影响程度的不断加剧，洪泛湿地生态环境受到剧烈影响,迫切需要对该区湿地生态环境脆弱性进行全面评估。基于遥感与地理信息技术，选取30个洪泛湿地生态脆弱性指标，利用DPSIR模型和层次分析相结合的方法，对黄河上游洪泛湿地1986~2014年生态环境脆弱性变化进行定量评价。结果显示，1986~2014年黄河上游洪泛湿地生态环境脆弱性呈现先增加后降低的“凸”字形格局。从垂直于河流流向的横断面分布看，脆弱性呈现从河流中心向河流两翼逐渐降低的梯度分布特征；从研究河段上游到下游,洪泛湿地生态环境脆弱性变化具有显著空间异质性特征，其中下河沿、头道拐河段脆弱性变化幅度较小，青铜峡到三河湖口河段脆弱性变化幅度相对较显著。

Assessment of Ecological Vulnerability of the Riverine Wetlands in the Upstream Reach of the Yellow River based on RS and GIS Technology

Assessment of river wetland ecosystem vulnerability in the Upstream of the Yellow River play an important role for river wetland health assessment, functional orientation and river wetland environmental, it also has a great significance to whole Yellow River ecosystems health status, material exchange and energy flow of water-land ecosystem. In this study, we selected 30 indices，used analytic hierarchy process and the DPSIR Model, analyzed riverine wetlands ecosystem vulnerability in the Upstream Reach of the Yellow River from 1986 to 2014. Results indicated that the vulnerability of the floodplain wetland ecosystem in study reach began to recovered after uniform scheduling of entire river. The vulnerability of riverine wetlands ecosystem gradually decreased from the main channel center line to floodplain margin areas. The vulnerability of the riverine wetlands has a various zonal distribution characters from Upstream to Downstream of the study reach between 1986~2014. Among in, the vulnerability of the Xiaheyan and the Toudaoguai reaches appeared to stable states, the vulnerability changing of the Reach from the Qingtongxia to the Sanhehukou is significantly obvious rather than other reaches.