科尔沁沙地苜蓿-禾草混播组合对播种当年牧草生产性能的影响

以紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、虉草(Phalaris arundinacea)4种牧草按豆禾比1∶1、1∶2、2∶2和2∶1间行种植,分析其播种年混播组分株高与产量变化。结果表明,禾草种类对混播禾草产量影响显著(P0.05),而对混播苜蓿产量影响不显著(P0.05)。禾草种类对禾豆总产量影响不显著,而混播比例对混播组分产量及禾豆总产量影响显著(P0.05)。单播苜蓿全年产量显著高于混播草地禾豆总产量(P0.05)。在混播处理中,头茬禾豆总产量以1∶1混播最高,二茬和全年禾豆总产量以2∶1混播最高,1∶2混播各茬次及全年禾豆总产量显著低于其他混播组合(P0.05)。豆禾比例对禾草生长及禾豆产量比有明显影响,1∶2和2∶2混播禾草生长良好,全年禾豆产量比为0.28~0.81;而1∶1和2∶1混播组合二茬禾草生长受到明显抑制,全年禾豆产量比为0.11~0.30。

Effect of alfalfa-grass mix combinations on the forage productivity during the sowing year in the Horqin Sandy Land

The legume-grass mixtures included alfalfa (Medicago sativa)and three grasses (Bromus inermis, Elymus nutans,and Phalaris arundinacea)to investigate herbage yield and plant height during the sowing year.The mixed combinations were two species mixtures at four intercropping ratios of legume:grass being 1:1,1:2,2:2,and 2:1.The experiment was conducted in Tong Liao of Inner Mongolia in a randomized complete block design with three replications.The results showed that grass species had a significant influence on yield of mixed sowing of grasses (P<0.05),but did not significantly influence the yield of the mixed sowing alfalfa and legume-grass total yield (P>0.05).Ratios for the legume-grass mixture had a significant influence on yield of mixed species and total legume-grass yield (P<0.05).The greatest value of dry matter yield was obtained from alfalfa monoculture and it was significantly higher than total dry matter yield of the mixed grass-land,and total yield of the legume-grass mixture was significantly higher than that of the monoculture of grass during the entire year (P<0.05).The highest total dry matter yield was obtained when alfalfa was mixed at a ratio of 1:1 intercrop with grass in the first cutting yield,and that of legume:grass at 2:1 was higher than other mixed sowing ratios in the second cutting yield and annual total yield.The total yields of the 1:2 mixture at all cutting times and annual total legume-grass yields were significantly lower than other mixed sowing com-binations (P<0.05).Rates of legume-grass mixture had a significant influence on the growth of mixed grasses and the ratio of grass legume yield.The growth of grasses was better in combinations of 1:2 and 2:2 legume-grass ratios than in other combinations and ratio of grass legume yield reached 0.28~0.81 in annual yield. Growth of grasses was obviously inhibited in the 1:1 and 2:1 legume-grass mixed combinations and the ratio of grass legume yield was 0.11~0.30 in annual yield.