我国园林植物耐盐性评价及鉴定研究进展

园林植物耐盐性评价体系建立、耐盐碱园林植物筛选及其在盐碱地园林绿化中的应用至关重要，可为盐碱地区园林绿化树种选择提供依据，以维持生物多样性和生态稳定性。文中从园林植物盐胁迫处理方式及处理时间、植物耐盐性评价指标、数据分析等方面对盐碱区景观绿化植物耐盐性评价进行讨论，发现评价中存在指标多、周期长、结果多样性等问题。同时从地域和形态习性的角度对景观绿化植物耐盐性鉴定进行了梳理，将我国常见的343种绿化植物按耐盐级别进行了分类，其中特耐盐植物80种、强耐盐植物103种、中度耐盐植物93种、轻度耐盐植物55种；南方耐盐植物明显多于北方，在耐盐植物种类和数量上，灌木多于乔木，而草本较少。概述了耐盐碱园林绿化植物的应用现状，对如何解决我国园林植物耐盐性评价、鉴定和在实际应用中的诸多问题，以及我国耐盐碱园林植物研究方向进行了展望。

Research Progress in Salt Tolerance Evaluation and Identification of Garden Plants in China

Setting up the plant salt tolerance evaluation system, screening salt-tolerant garden plants and applying salt-tolerant garden plants to saline soil landscaping and greening are of great significance, which could provide the bases for choosing landscape tree species suiting saline alkali soil, and thus to maintain biodiversity and ecological stability. This paper discusses the evaluation of salt tolerance of landscape greening plants growing in saline-alkali area in terms of salt stress treatment mode and treatment time, plant salt tolerance evaluation index, and data analysis. It is found that the evaluation is haunted by a range of problems, including many indexes, long period and diverse results. At the same time, the paper reviews the identification of salt tolerance of landscape greening plants from the perspective of region and morphology. According to salt tolerance level, 343 species of common greening plants are classified, among which there are 80 species of specially strong salt tolerant plants, 103 species of strong salt tolerant plants, 93 species of moderate salt-tolerant plants and 55 species of mild salt-tolerant plants, and the number of salt-tolerant plants in the south is significantly higher than that in the north. In terms of species and quantity of salt-tolerant plants, more shrubs are found than trees while the salt-tolerant herbs are the least. Finally, this paper summarizes the application of saline-tolerant garden greening plants, discusses how to solve the problems of salt tolerance evaluation, identification and practical application of garden plants in China, and prospects the research direction.