飞行器质量特性参数测量

质量特性参数(质量、质心、转动惯量、惯性矩)是飞行器重要飞行技术参数,传统的质量质心和转动惯量分别采用质心台和扭摆台测量,一次只能获取安装方向上的质心和转动惯量。由于飞行器结构上的原因,要求物体在一次装夹下高精度获取所有物理参数。为解决这一问题,将质心台和扭摆台合并为一质量特性参数综合试验台,并在台面上安装了可旋转和水平倾斜的斜台,将试件在斜台一次装夹下,测量试件在不同状态下的转动惯量,利用坐标转换法计算出物体三轴转动惯量和惯性矩等质量特性参数方法。阐述了一次装夹下物体质量质心及转动惯量测量原理,讨论了产生测量误差主要原因,分析了斜台倾角误差对测量精度的影响。

A new measurement method for mass property parameters

Mass property parameters (mass, center of mass, moment of inertia) are important technology parameters of aircraft. The traditional mass and center of mass measurement uses centroid units, and the moment of inertia measurement torsion units, which can only get results in installing direction. Because of the structural reasons, there is a need to get all high accurate physical parameters in clamping once. To solve this problem, this study merges centroid units and torsion units into one composite unit, installs a table which can tilt and rotation to measure the moment of inertia in different conditions. The moment of inertia and product of inertia relative to three axis are calculated by the method of coordinate transformation. Measurement theory of mass, center of mass and mass moment of inertia are described, the main reason of causing measurement errors is discussed, and the measurement accuracy affected by tilt error is analyzed.