纳米玻璃粉掺杂双酚A型环氧树脂基复合材料的热稳定性能研究

采用双酚A型环氧树脂为基体，短切玻璃纤维和纳米玻璃粉为填料，通过模压加工工艺制备了双酚A型环氧树脂基复合材料。使用热失重分析仪和扫描电子显微镜分析研究了纳米玻璃粉含量对复合材料热稳定性能的影响，同时利用Kissinger法和Flynn?Wall?Ozawa法求解了双酚A型环氧树脂基复合材料的热分解动力学参数。结果表明，添加短切玻璃纤维后，双酚A型环氧树脂的最大热分解温度从365 ℃提高至369 ℃，而随着纳米玻璃粉的加入，其最大热分解温度进一步提升5 ~16 ℃。且复合材料的残炭率在65.41 %~69.15 %之间，相比双酚A型环氧树脂、短切玻璃纤维增强双酚A型环氧树脂基复合材料分别提高了69.88 %~71.51 %、22.95 %~27.11 %。同时纳米玻璃粉的加入也使得复合材料的热分解活化能得到提升，最高为153.14 kJ/mol，相比双酚A型环氧树脂单体及短切玻璃纤维材料增强双酚A型环氧树脂基复合材料的热分解活化能135.65 kJ/mol、137.46 kJ/mol显著增加。结果表明，纳米玻璃粉的引入改变了双酚A型环氧树脂基复合材料的内部微观结构，从而提高了其热稳定性能。

Study on Thermal Stability of Bisphenol?A?Type Epoxy Matrix Composites Doped with Nano Glass Powders

Epoxy?based composites were prepared through compression molding using bisphenol?A?type epoxy resin as a matrix and chopped glass fiber and nano glass powders as fillers. TG and SEM were used to investigate the effect of the loading of nano glass powders on the thermal stability of this type of resin matrix composites. Kissinger method and Flynn?Wall?Ozawa method were adopted to investigate their thermal decomposition kinetics. The results indicated that the maximum thermal decomposition temperature of the epoxy resin increased from 365 °C to 369 °C with the addition of chopped glass fiber， and it was further increased by 5~16 °C with the addition of nano glass powders. The composites presented a residual char yield ranging from 65.41 % to 69.15 %， which were increased by 69.88 %~71.51 % and 22.95 %~27.11 % in comparison with pure bisphenol A epoxy resin and chopped?glass?fiber?reinforced epoxy composites， respectively. Meanwhile， the composites achieved an improvement in thermal decomposition activation energy up to 153.14 kJ/mol due to the introduction of nano glass powders. Such a value is significantly higher than the thermal decomposition activation energy of 135.65 kJ/mol and 137.46 kJ/mol for pure bisphenol?A epoxy resin and chopped?glass?fiber?reinforced epoxy composites， respectively. These results indicated that the addition of nano glass powders could change the internal microstructure of the epoxy composites then improved their thermal stability.