基于生态足迹分析的资源型城市可持续发展研究——以甘肃省白银市为例

生态足迹作为一种定量度测区域可持续发展程度有效的生物物理方法,在国内外得到了广泛的应用.通过应用该方法对我国有色金属基地白银市2003年的生态足迹进行了计算和分析,认为白银市人均生态赤字达1.341 28 hm2,超出生态承载力的186%,处于不可持续发展状态,已对生态系统平衡构成威胁;生态足迹的需求空间以化石燃料用地为主,其需求空间占全部需求空间的65.5%,是生态足迹总供给面积的1.52倍.通过生态度足迹的分析,有利于探讨资源型城市可持续发展相关问题,最后提出白银市实现可持续发展的战略对策.

Ecological footprint analysis of resource-based city sustainable development:a case study of Baiyin City, Gansu Province

The ecological footprint theory is a new and popular method to evaluate quantificationally whether the development of a certain region is sustainable, and has been widely applied in almost countries in the world. This paper calculates and analyzes the ecological footprint of Baiyin City, Gansu Province, China, in 2003 based on the statistic data with the method. The results indicate that the average ecological footprint and the per capita ecological capacity in 2003 are 2.063 88 hm2 and 0.722 6 hm2 respectively, and the per capita ecological deficit is 1.341 28 hm2 in Baiyin City, so the per capita ecological footprint is 186 percent over the per capita ecological capacity and the carrying capacity of the ecosystems in Baiyin city is under a great pressure. It is quite evident that the development situation of Baiyin City is not sustainable. From demand structure of the per ecological footprint in Baiyin City, the proportion of fossil energy ecological footprint is very higher (65.5%) in total ecological footprint. According to the consequence of the evaluation, human being must cognizance of the degree of human impact. Therefore, Baiyin City must change its traditional high-consumed development mode, and establish a production and consumption system of resource-saving to he development sustainable mode. Finally, the paper puts forward the measures to strengthen the sustainable development of Baiyin City, which is as follows: (1) to change the traditional production mode and cyclic economy development; (2) to adjust industry structure and implement manifold development; (3) to enhance ecology and environment development protection and construct ecological city; (4) to set up the eco-compensation mechanism.