水-岩相互作用研究的回顾与展望

总结了20世纪50年代以来的水－岩相互作用研究历史，初步划分为3个阶段：第一阶段，50年代末－70年代初；第二阶段，70年代初－80年代末；第三阶段，80年代末至今。近年来，环境问题在水－岩相互作用研究中的比重越来越大，也使水－岩相互作用研究获得了更大、更持续的发展空间。简要回顾了地下水成因和地壳中水的地球化学循环，控制 水的化学成分的地球化学过程，以及水－岩相互作用与地质灾害等方面的重大研究成果。认为有望取得创新成果的领域包括：地下水城质作用及其资源环境效应，地下水环境演化与全球变化，和极端条件下的水－岩相互作用研究。

Review and Outlook of Water-Rock Interaction Studies

The history of water rock interaction studies since the 1950s' is divided into three periods: the first (late 1950s' - early 1970s'), the second (early 1970s' - late 1980s') and the third (late 1980s' - present). In recent years, environmental problems become increasingly important for water rock interaction studies and provide more opportunities for the greater and sustainable development of water rock interaction studies. Some important advances in the following aspects are briefly reviewed in this paper: the genesis of groundwaters and the geochemical cycle of water in the earth's crust; geochemical processes controlling the chemical compositions of water, and water rock interaction and geohazards. Perspectives concerning the following research fields where innovative results may occur are discussed: the geological role of groundwaters and the resource environmental effects; groundwater environment evolution and global change; water rock interaction studies under extreme conditions.