制度失范:一个土地冲突解释的新视角

因征地引发的社会冲突已成为当前社会治理的重要难题.关于土地冲突的缘起,既有的研究可以分为土地财政、 拆迁行为模式、 土地执法管理与生存道义等角度.在与已有解释展开对话的基础上,提出"制度失范"概念,认为土地制度在"规则""权力"和"治理"三个层面的"失范"构成了土地冲突的结构性根源.在规则层面,土地制度日渐消解其作为一种公共规则的公共性构建;在权力层面,地方政府在土地征收过程中的权力失当成为土地冲突的直接诱因;在治理层面,基层乡村治理机制无法及时回应农民对土地权利实现与政治参与的强烈诉求.

Institutional Anomie: A New Perspective on Land Conflict

Social conflicts caused by land acquisition have become the main agenda of current social governance. Regarding the factors of land conflict, the existing literature can be divided into several perspectives such as land finance, behavior pattern, land law enforcement and moral economy. This paper puts forward the concept of institutional anomie which can be conceptualized into three dimensions-rules, power and governance. At the level of rules, the land institution has delayed its construction of publicity as a public norm. At the level of power, the administrative practice of the local government in the process of land expropriation becomes the direct cause of the land conflict. At the level of governance, rural governance mechanism cannot respond to farmers' demands on the realization of land rights and political participation in time.