考虑受灾区紧迫度的应急物资航空投放力量调度策略

航空应急救援因为救援时间短，受地理因素影响小的特点，在应对突发事件的过程中发挥了重要作用。为了更有效解决应急物资航空投放力量的调度问题，以大规模自然灾害为背景，设置单出救点、多受灾点的数学模型，使用网络层次分析法(analytic network process, ANP)-综合指数法来评价不同受灾区紧迫度的情况，从而衡量不同受灾点的差异性，并根据灾区紧迫度设置救援时间窗限制。如果救援物资不能在规定时间送达，则会给受灾区域造成损失，因此引入惩罚函数；在考虑灾区紧迫度情况下，对应急物资航空投放力量进行调度，以救援的总时间最短、救援的总成本最小为调度优化目标，构建数学模型，并通过遗传爬山算法对模型进行求解，讨论灾区紧迫度对航空应急物资投放力量调度的影响，以2008年汶川地震为对象进行了实证研究。

Research on the dispatching strategy of emergency supplies aviation delivery force considering the urgency of the disaster area

Aviation emergency rescue has played an important role in the process of responding to emergencies due to its short rescue time and little influence by geographical factors. Set up a mathematical model of single rescue point and multiple disaster points, and use the ANP-comprehensive index method to evaluate the urgency of different disaster areas, so as to measure the difference of different disaster points, and set rescue time window limits according to the rescue urgency. If the relief materials cannot be delivered within the specified time, it will cause losses to the disaster-stricken area, so a penalty function is introduced; considering the urgency of the disaster-stricken area, the study schedules the air delivery force of emergency materials, so that the total rescue time is the shortest ,The minimum sum of the cost and the loss cost of the disaster area is the scheduling optimization goal., a mathematical model is constructed, and the model is solved by the genetic hill-climbing algorithm, Discuss the impact of the urgency of the disaster area on the dispatch of aviation emergency supplies, and conduct an empirical study on the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008.