城市化进程中的土地利用问题研究--以江苏省为例

改革开放以来，随着经济的发展，我国城市化进程不断加快，环境污染、交通拥挤、人地矛盾冲突加剧等问题随之产生。江苏省作为我国东部沿海经济最发达的省份之一，城市化提升速度高于全国平均水平，从1978年的13.7％上升到2002年的44.7％，产生的城市问题具有典型代表性。在对江苏省1978年以来城市化发展和城市建成区面积变化特征分析的基础上，进一步探寻城市用地中存在的问题及其成因。结果表明：随着城市化水平的提高，建成区面积不断扩展，2000年是1991年的1.5倍，人均建成区面积也不断上升，小城市上升幅度最大，为40 m2，特大城市最小，为17 m2，人均建成区面积从小城市到特大城市呈倒三角形分布，经济发展和用地配置机制及20世纪90年代以来兴起的开发区、城市新区建设是城市用地扩展的主要驱动因素。在城市用地中存在用地效率不高、土地供求矛盾尖锐等问题，应当加强土地管理，挖掘土地利用潜力，提高土地利用效率。

ISSUE IN LAND USE DURING URBANIZATION--A CASE STUDY IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

With the quick development of economy and urbanization since reforming and opening,some urban issues such as environment pollution,heavy traffic appeared in China and the conflicts between human and nature become sharper and sharper.As one of the developed regions in China,Jiangsu province shows the typical characteristics of rapid urbanization which increase from 13.7% to 44.7% from 1978 to 2002 and fast expanding of build-up areas which is 1.5 times in 2000 than that in 1991.Furthermore,it was found that the build-up area per capita increased to 40 m~2 in small city and 17 m~2 in special big city;the bigger a city scale is,the smaller the build-up area per capita.Further analysis indicates that the expansion of build-up areas resulted from the economy development,land use collocation and the exploitation areas and new city areas building since 90s.The key problems in urban land use are low efficiency use,sharp conflicts between supply and demand and so on.In order to improve this condition and carry out the sustainable development,it is suggested to strengthen the management,make the full potential of land use and increase efficiency of land use.