基于中国人群健康偏好的农村居民生命质量研究—以安徽为例

目的 健康效用值能反映人们对某种特定健康状态的偏好。本文旨在基于健康效用探讨农村居民的健康相关生命质量。方法 利用EQ - 5D - 5L量表对农村16岁以上常住居民的生命质量进行测量，共收集1 045份有效样本。基于我国居民健康效用积分体系计算健康效用值，并采用非参数检验和Tobit回归法探讨不同特征人群健康效用值的差异及其影响因素。结果 样本人群存在问题最多的是疼痛/不舒服和焦虑/抑郁2个维度（分别占42.0%和21.1%），EQ - VAS平均得分为（83.82±15.36）分，样本人群健康效用值为（ 0.923±0.136）。差异性分析显示不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、从业状况和慢性病患病的农村居民健康效用值存在统计学差异（P＜0.05），Tobit回归显示随着年龄增大，无业、体力活动不足、患慢性病人群的健康效用值降低。结论 安徽省农村居民的健康相关生命质量略低；样本人群的疼痛/不舒服问题比较突出；高龄、无业、体力活动不足、患有慢性病是安徽农村居民健康效用的负向影响因素。

Quality of life for rural residents based on healthy preference in Chinese population: a study in Anhui

Objective Health utility value can reflect people's preferences for a particular health state. This study aims to explore the health-related quality of life(HRQL) for rural residents based on health utility value. Methods Taking Anhui province as an example, 1045 rural individuals aged 16 and above were selected. Health utility value was calculated based on the health value set of Chinese. The non-parametric test and Tobit regression were used to explore the difference of health utility value and its influencing factors among different characteristic populations. Results The most common problems of the sample population were pain (discomfort) and anxiety (depression dimensions) (42.0% and 21.1% respectively). The average score of EQ-VAS was 83.82±15.36, and the average health utility value was 0.923±0.136. There were significant differences of utility value among groups with different age, educational level, marital status, and physical health(P<0.05). The result of Tobit regression analysis showed that people had less utility value with old age, unemployed, insufficient physical activity, and chronic diseases. Conclusion The HRQL of rural Anhui was slightly lower. The pain (discomfort) was more prominent for the sampling. The elderly, the unemployed, the lack of physical activity, and chronic disease had negative effect on health utility value.