西安市4 210例少儿血中微量元素及重金属元素结果分析

目的 通过检测0～12岁少儿血中钙、铁、锌、镁、铜、铅和镉水平，为预防疾病，科学合理的膳食提供理论依据。方法 收集灞桥区0～12岁少儿手指血样4 210例，进行微量元素和重金属元素的检测，分为4个年龄组，分别为0～1岁，1～3岁，3～7岁，7～12岁，进行资料收集和统计分析。结果 不同年龄段儿童的微量元素和重金属元素的平均值之间存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）；0～12岁儿童钙、铁和锌元素的总体缺乏率分别为24.94%，19.19%和13.85%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；镁和铜元素的缺乏率在不同年龄段中无统计学差异；未见铅镉水平超标；男童和女童在钙、铁、锌元素的缺乏率上存在差异，镁和铜元素在男女童之间无明显差异。结论 灞桥区儿童钙、铁缺乏较为明显，锌其次，铜和镁元素基本不缺乏。应提高家长和民众对微量元素和重金属元素的认识，同时发现微量元素的缺乏，应该尽早纠正，科学补充微量元素。

Analysis of trace elements and heavy metal elements in finger blood from 4210 adolescents in Xi'an

Objective By analyzing the levels of calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, lead, and cadmium in finger blood from 0-12 years old children in Baqiao district of Xi’an city, to provide the theoretical basis for the prevention of disease, and the scientific and reasonable diet. Methods A total of 4,210 samples were collected for the detection of the trace elements and heavy metal elements. They were divided into 4 age groups: 0 to 1 year old, 1 to 3 years old, 3 to 7 years old, and 7 to 12 years old. Results There were differences among the average values of trace elements and heavy metal elements in children of different age groups, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The overall deficiencies of calcium, iron, and zinc in children aged 0-12 years were 24.94%, 19.19%, and 13.85%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the deficiency rate of magnesium and copper in different age groups(P>0.05). No heavy metal elements were found to be excessive; there were differences in the deficiency rates of calcium, iron, and zinc in boys and girls, and magnesium and copper had no significant difference between boys and girls. Conclusion The deficiency of calcium and iron in children in Baqiao district is more obvious, followed by zinc, but magnesium and copper were not lacking. The parents and the public should be more aware of trace elements and heavy metals, and the lack of trace elements should be corrected as soon as possible to supplement the trace elements scientifically.