采空区形态对地表塌陷分布影响研究

为研究采空区形态对地表塌陷分布的影响，采用FLAC3D数值分析方法，对4种不同形态尺寸采空区条件下的地表变形、岩移规律进行了数值模拟，分析了隐伏采空区形态对地表塌陷的影响程度和规模；应用形态分析方法中的似圆率、不规则指数、等积圆半径等指标，对地表塌陷形态进行了量化分析。研究表明，无论采空区的形状是否为圆形，地表塌陷形态均为圆形或趋于圆形；覆岩高度越大，似圆率越小，地表塌陷形状越趋于圆形。这与实际地表塌陷现象相吻合。研究成果可为工程地表征地、地表塌陷地质灾害防患提供指导。

Study on the Goaf form Influence on Distribution of Surface Subsidence

In order to study on the goaf influence on distribution of surface subsidence，the ground surface deformation and the rock movement rule were simulated under the conditions of four different goafs form by using FLAC3D numerical analysis method.And the degree and scale of surface subsidence was analyzed for concealed goafs form.The indexes such as circularity，irregular index，equal-area circle radius in morphological methods were applicated，and the surface subsidence form was analyzed quantificationally.The research showed that，no matter whether the shape of goaf was round，surface subsidence form was round or tend to round.The greater the height of overburden strata，the smaller circularity，and the shape of surface subsidence were more tends to circle，which were consistent to the actual phenomenon of surface subsidence.Research results will provide some guidance for engineering land expropriation，geological disasters precautionary，and so on.