无线传感器网络密钥分布方案研究

无线传感器网络广泛应用于目标跟踪、环境监测、军事感应和地震活动测试等方面。网络安全是无线传感器网络应用的关键因素。在无线传感器网络安全结构中，节点的密钥分布是其中的重要一环。资源有限的大规模无线传感器网络的部署需要高效的节点密钥分布机制。高效的节点密钥分布方案能加强网络连通性、提高抵抗节点捕获攻击的能力、减小节点能量的消耗以及扩展节点通信范围。本文分析了密钥分布的安全要求，着重从密钥的产生、密钥连接的建立和性能方面描述了当前典型的密钥分布方案，并比较和分析了这些算法的特点和安全性能。最后结合该领域当前研究现状，指出无线传感器网络密钥分布未来可能的研究方向。

Research on Key Distribution Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks have attracted significant interests from the research community in wide of range of applications such as target tracking, environment monitoring, military sensing and distributed measurement of seismic activity, etc. Network security plays a central role in wireless sensor networks. Security of large scale densely deployed and infrastructure-less wireless sensor networks of resource limited sensor nodes requires efficient key distribution mechanisms. Key distribution in nodes is one important part in the secure architecture of wireless sensor networks. The network connectivity, the resilience against node capture, the overhead of nodes and the communication area of nodes are all improved by the effective key distribution schemes. In this paper, the security requirements of key distribution are analyzed. As view from the key setup, the establishment of key connection and their presentation of performance, recent representative key distribution schemes are presented, and then their characteristics and security performance are compared and analyzed. Finally, the future research aspects in this domain are put forward.