野茉莉属6个树种不同时期花香成分分析

【目的】野茉莉属(安息香属)植物在我国种类多、分布广。分析野茉莉属不同树种不同时期的花香成分,有利于确定野茉莉属植物主要的花香成分含量及其化学结构,为野茉莉花的开发利用以及相关香料的化学合成提供理论依据。【方法】利用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)与气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术,对野茉莉属6个树种花苞期、盛花期和末花期的花香成分及其含量进行检测分析。【结果】萜烯类化合物是野茉莉属6个树种花香成分的主要物质。在不同花期检测到的萜烯类物质大致相同,在每个花期,野茉莉中相对含量最高的萜烯类化合物是右旋大根香叶烯,其相对含量显著高于其他树种; α-蒎烯是大花野茉莉和灰叶野茉莉花香成分中相对含量最高的,其中灰叶野茉莉花香成分中的α-蒎烯相对含量显著高于其他树种; 罗勒烯是郁香野茉莉、垂珠花、白花龙花香成分中相对含量最高的,而郁香野茉莉中的罗勒烯含量显著高于其他树种; 大花野茉莉花香成分中的马鞭草烯酮、白花龙中的石竹烯和α-葎草烯、郁香野茉莉中的(E)-β-罗勒烯、灰叶野茉莉中的α-异松油烯显著高于其他树种。【结论】野茉莉属植物的花香成分种类很多,其中萜烯类化合物含量最丰富。

Analysis of volatile components in different flowering stages in six species of Styrax spp.

【Objective】 Many Styrax spp. are widely distributed in China. Analysis of the floral constituents of different Styrax spp. in different periods is beneficial to determine the main floral components and chemical structure of Styrax spp. and to provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of their flowers. 【Method】 In this experiment, headspace solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to detect the floral components in the flower bud, full blossom, and final flowering stages of six species. 【Result】 Terpenes were the main constituents of the floral components of six Styrax spp. The terpenoids detected at different flowering stages were generally the same. At each flowering stage, the highest content of terpenes in S. japonicus was germacrene-D, which was significantly higher than that in other tree species. The terpene present at the highest level in S. grandiflora and S. calvescens was α-pinene, and the relative content of α-pinene in S. calvescens was significantly higher than that in other tree species; The highest content of terpenes in S. odoratissimus, S. dasyantha, and Styrax faberi var. faberi was basilene, and the relative content of basilene in S. faberi var. faberi was significantly higher than that in other tree species. The relative content of verbenone in S. grandiflora, of caryophyllene and α-rhedene in S. faberi var. faberi, of(E)-β-ocimene in S. odoratissimus, and of α-isoterenene in S. calvescens was higher than that in other tree species. 【Conclusion】 Many kinds of floral components are present in Styrax spp., among which, terpene compounds are the most abundant.