东南沿海某部官兵皮肤病发病率及其影响因素分析

目的 了解东南沿海部队官兵在新时期军事训练环境下皮肤病的流行病学特点,分析发病原因,提出防治措施.方法 采用整群抽样、分层抽样和单纯随机抽样相结合的多阶段抽样方法从东南沿海某部官兵中选出625名官兵,对他们进行皮肤病问卷调查.对全体被调查者进行体格检查并给出相应诊断及治疗.应用logistic多重回归分析皮肤病与其可能的发病原因之间的关系.结果 回收有效问卷569份,有效率91.04％.被调查官兵年龄17～46岁,共264例(46.40％)发生皮肤病.共检出皮肤病类型40种,发病频次为346,其中感染性皮肤病(发病频次197,56.94％)、变态反应性皮肤病(发病频次80,23.12％)、心身性皮肤病(发病频次33,9.54％)占据全部皮肤病的大多数.各类皮肤病病因复杂.结论 东南沿海部队官兵皮肤病发病情况与气候、环境、穿着装备和精神状况有关.应采取倡导合理生活习惯、科学训练、普及皮肤病防治常识、改善生活条件、提高医务人员诊治水平等预防措施,降低皮肤病的发生率.

Incidence of skin diseases among soldiers stationed in south-east coastal area of China and its influencing factors

Objective To investigate the epidemiology and causes of skin diseases in soldiers stationed in south-east coastal areas of China, and to put forward measures for prevention and treatment. Methods Multi-stage sampling including cluster sampling, stratified sampling and simple random sampling were used to select 625 soldiers stationed in the south-each coastal areas of China. They were surveyed by a questionnaire and received physical examination for skin diseases before diagnosing and prescribing. Logistic multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between skin disease and the possible causes of skin diseases. Results A total of 569 effective questionnaires were collected, and the participants ranged in age from 17-46 years old. It was found that 263(46.40%) soldiers had skin diseases, which fell into 40 types, with a total of 346 onsets, mainly including infectious skin diseases(197 onsets, 56.94%), allergodermia(80 onsets, 23.12%)and psychosomatic skin diseases(33 onsets, 9.54%).And the causes of the disease were complicated. Conclusion Skin diseases among soldiers stationed in south-east coastal areas of China are associated with the climate, environment, dress and equipment, and mental condition. More efforts should be made for a better living condition and habit, scientific military training, good knowledge of skin disease prevention, and more careful medical service to reduce skin diseases among the soldiers.