惠州地区3~6岁学龄前儿童骨密度调查研究

目的观察惠州地区3～6岁学龄前儿童骨密度水平及影响因素，提出相关指导意见。方法儿童根据年龄分为3～4岁、4～5岁、5～6岁3个年龄组，采用超声骨密度仪对惠州地区32588例3～6岁学龄前儿童进行骨密度水平检测，检测左胫骨中段传播速度值（Speed of Sround，SoS）。Z值为-1～1说明骨密度正常，Z值〈-1说明骨密度异常。结果除3～4岁组男女SoS差异有统计学意外（P〈0．05），各组儿童性别间差异无显著性俨〉0．05）。3～4岁、4～5岁、5～6岁组儿童骨密度异常率分别为26．24％、26．42％、27．23％，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。身高、体重〉＋ISD或〈一1SD的儿童，骨密度异常率明显高于一1SD一＋1SD儿童（P〈0．05）。结论儿童骨密度峰值可由多种因素造成，因此根据本地区情况制定相应年龄段的SoS正常水平，早期检查骨密度，早期进行干预，能够较大程度改善儿童发育状况。

Investigation and study of bone mineral density of 3-6 years preschoolers of Huizhou region

Objective ] To observe the BMD level of 3-6 years old preschoolers of Huizhou region and its influence factors, and offer relevant instructions. Methods ] Children were divided into 3-4 years old group, 4-5 years old group and 5-6 years old group according to different ages. 32588 3-6 years old preschoolers were given BMD detection by ultrasound bone densitometer. Speed of sound （SOS） in middle piece of left tibia was detected. Z value of -1-1 indicated that BMD was normal and Z value 〈-I indicated that BMD was abnormal Results ] There was significant difference between SoS of different genders in 3-4 years old group （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference in the other groups（P〉0.05）. BMD abnormal rate of 3-4 years old group, 4-5 years old group and 5-6 years old group was respectively 26.24%, 26.42% and 27.23% （P〉0.05）. BMD abnormal rate of children with height and weight 〉＋ISD or 〈-ISD was obviously higher than children with height and weight between -1SD and ＋ISD （P〈0.05）. Conclusion ] Children BMD peak may be caused by many factors. So formulation of SoS normal level of corresponding age group according to our region condition, early detection of BMD, and early intervention can improve developmental situations of children to a large extent.