典型电能替代技术的成本效益分析

从实用角度出发，提出一种简洁、利于广大用户和地方政府接受的电能替代成本评估和补贴计算方案，并据此得出关于电能替代的实施建议。首先指出促进电能替代的关键是用户有实施意愿，从而要求电能替代对用户而言是经济的。然后，从避免用户投资损失的角度，将老设备剩余寿命的价值计入新设备的使用成本，并基于此，将国家公布的20项电能替代技术根据其特点分为5类，对每类技术分别构建成本评估和补贴计算方案。最后，根据所得结论提出相关实施建议，并举例展示该方案的应用。对电能替代而言，该方案可提高用户实施的积极性，而所提实施建议能高效发挥财政补贴的促进作用，具有一定的参考价值和实践意义。

Cost and benefit analysis of the typical electric energy substitution technology

From a practical point of view, a cost and subsidy evaluation scheme is proposed for electric energy substitution,which is both concise and acceptable for users and local governments. Based on this scheme, some suggestions for the implementation in electric energy substitution are proposed. Firstly, it is pointed out that the key to promoting electric energy substitution is the willingness of the mass users to practice, which requires a lower use cost after the electric energy substitution. And then in order for users to avoid investment loss, the loss expense of the remain life of old equipment is included in the use cost of new equipment, and there upon the 20 electric energy substitution technologies officially announced are divided into 5 categories according to their characteristics, and the cost and subsidy evaluation scheme of each category is designed respectively. Finally, according to the achieved conclusions, some related suggestions for the implementation of electric energy substitution are proposed, and some examples are taken to demonstrate the scheme afterwards. For electric energy substitution, the scheme can promote the application while the suggestions can ensure a high efficiency of the subsidy, whereby the Conclusions have certain reference value and practical significance.