砌体结构抗震评估研究

构造柱、圈梁和现浇楼板可增强砌体结构的整体性，是砌体结构的主要抗震构造措施，为反映砌体结构整体性的抗震作用，分析构造柱、圈梁和现浇楼板对结构整体性的影响，提出结构整体性系数的计算方法。基于汶川地震中大量多层砖砌体结构房屋震害的分析，建议了考虑砖砌体结构整体性系数和承载力指标的震害程度指标，它可作为结构抗震能力指标之一。建立了不同地震烈度下震害程度指标与结构破坏程度间的定量关系，根据上述的定量关系，获得震害程度判断值，分析烈度和破坏程度的变化对震害程度判断值的影响。最后进行多幢多层砖砌体结构房屋墙体破坏程度评估的分析与验证，结果表明：采用震害程度指标及震害程度判断值可以准确评估结构不同方向的墙体破坏程度，实现对砌体结构的抗震评估。

Research on seismic evaluation of masonry structures

The constructional column，ring beam and floor slab can provide masonry structures with good integrity, which are earthquake-resistant constructional measures that contribute to the anti-seismic capacity of masonry structures. Firstly, in order to study the influence of structure integrity on seismic performance, an integrity indicator was obtained by analyzing the effects of structural columns, ring beams and floor slabs on integrity of brick masonry structures. Secondly, a damage degree indicator was proposed which considers the contribution of the structural integrity and structure bearing capacity based on the analysis of data from Wenchuan earthquake investigation. It can be taken as one of the structural seismic capacity indicators for seismic evaluation. A quantitative relationship between damage degree and the damage degree indicator in different seismic intensity zones was established. Meanwhile, damage degree judgment values were obtained and the effect of changes of earthquake intensity and damage degree impact on the judgment values was discussed according to the above-mentioned quantitative relationship. Finally, the wall damage degree was analyzed by taking many multi-story brick masonry structures into account. Results show that, the damage degree indicator and the damage degree judgment values can be used for accurately evaluating the damage degree of different orientation walls and for evaluating the seismic performance of masonry structures.