急性氰戊菊酯中毒大鼠肺泡细胞形态的动态变化

用扫描电镜观察氰戊菊酯(Fen)经气管染毒大鼠肺灌洗液(BALF)中肺泡细胞形态的动态变化,结果0.19 mg/kg染毒未诱发肺损伤,0.93 mg/kg仅引起轻度肺泡炎,4.7 mg/kg和(或)23.3 mg/kg导致肺实质损伤。肺泡巨噬细胞(PAM)表面呈现不同形状的凹窝、空洞及表面皱褶(或胞浆指状突起)的不规则样变,以至肺泡细胞大量裂解死亡。中性白细胞(PMN)、单核细胞(Mc)、淋巴细胞(Lc)、Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞(EPⅡ)、纤毛细胞(CC)及红细胞(RBC)显著增多,并出现多个细胞的聚集。上述反应发生于染毒后30 min,4～24 h达高峰,4 d后恢复正常。本研究为探讨Fen对肺的毒性、毒理和制订用药卫生标准提供了细胞形态学依据。

Kinetic variations in the morphology of the alveolar cells from the acute intoxicated rats induced by fenvalerate

The kinetic variations in the morphology of the alveolar cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)from male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to fenvalerate suspension(FS)by a single intratracheal instillation were observed with a scanning electron microscope.The results showed that FS did not induce lung injury at a dose of 0.19 mg/kg,caused a mild alveolitis at a dose of 0.93 mg/kg and led to the lung parenchyma injury at a dose of 4.7 and/or 23.3 mg/kg.The injury on the cellular membranes of pulmonary alveolar macrophages(PAM)mainly revealed the appearances of pores in different sizes,pits in varied shapes and the uneven distribution of the cell ruffling(or cytoplasmic prominence),and even the dissolution or death of lots of PAM.In addition,the conspicuous increases in polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMN),monocytes(Mc),lymphocytes(Lc),type D.pneumocytes(EPⅡ),ciliated cells(CC)and red blood cells(RBC),and a number of cell aggregation could be seen.The above-mentioned responses of the lung injury took place following 30 min of exposure,reached their peak about 4-24 h after exposure,and returned to the normal state about 4 d later.The findings of present study provide the cellular morphological bases for the probe into the toxicity mechanisms of fenvalerate(Fen)on the lung and for the formulation of the hygienic standards in the production and application of Fen.