早期综合干预对早产儿智能发育的影响

目的 探讨早期综合干预对早产儿校正胎龄12月时智能发育的影响。方法 将2012年度在深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院出生的早产儿108例, 分为早期干预组 (A组)57例和内对照组(B组)51 例, 并随机选择在该院同期出生的足月儿49例为外对照组(C组)。A组给予早期综合干预指导与训练, B、C组只接受常规育儿指导, 在校正胎龄12月时做CDCC测查, 比较三组婴儿测查结果。结果 校正胎龄12月时A组婴儿智力发育指数(MDI)(109.40±8.66)显著高于B组婴儿(101.35±14.67)(t=3.516, P=0.001);A组婴儿运动发育指数(PDI)(98.89±10.84)显著高于B组婴儿(93.69±15.82)(t=2.013, P=0.047);A组MDI与C组MDI比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.841, P=0.068), A组PDI显著高于C组(t=4.535, P＜0.001);A组婴儿MDI≤69分和PDI≤69分的发生率均为0%, 均低于B组婴儿(7.84%), 差异均有统计学意义(χ²=4.643, P=0.047)。结论 1岁以内对早产儿实施早期综合干预可促进早产儿1岁时智能发育, 减少智力低下和运动低下的发生率。

Effect of early complex intervention on preterm infants intelligence development.

Objective To discuss the effect of early complex intervention on preterm infants intelligence development at 12 months corrected gestational age. Methods A total of 108 preterm infants who were born in Longgang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in 2012 were divided into early intervention group (n=57, group A) and internal control group (n=51, group B).At the same time, 49 normal term infants randomly selected who were born in the same hospital in 2012 were external control group(group C).All infants were examined according to the CDCC scale at 12 months corrected gestational age . Results The mental development index(MDI) of group A at 12 months corrected gestational age was 109.40±8.66, which was higher than that of group B (101.35±14.67), the difference was statistically significant (t=3.516, P=0.001).The psychomotor development index(PDI)of group A at 12 months corrected gestational age was 98.89±10.84, which was higher than that of group B (93.69±15.82), the difference was statistically significant (t=2.013, P=0.047).The rates of MDI≤69 and PDI≤69 in group A were all 0%, which was lower than that of group B (7.84%), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.643, P=0.047).The MDI of group C at 12 months corrected gestational age was 105.96±10.61, there was no statistical significance compared with group A(t=1.841, P=0.068).The PDI of group A was higher than that of group C (90.16±8.64)at 12 months corrected gestational age, the difference was statistically significant(t=4.535, P＜0.001). Conclusion The early complex intervention can improve the intelligence development, reduce the incidence of mental retardation and motor development retardation in preterm infants at the age of 1.