美国公共基础设施实施保障的经验及借鉴——深圳南山区案例的评估与反思

本文借鉴美国公共基础设施实施保障的国际经验，对深圳市南山区公共基础设施的实施情况进行评估与反思。首先，文章介绍了美国捆绑式开发政策、开发影响费、充足公共设施条例、阶段式开发等保障公共基础设施工具；之后以深圳市南山区公共基础设施实施程度的评估为例，反思中国城市在公共基础设施规划、实施和评估中存在的一些常见问题；并基于美国公共基础设施实施保障的国际经验，提出应进一步编制更细致的实施计划，建立多渠道的融资保障机制及加强定期监管与评估等建议。通过学习美国公共基础设施实施保障经验，对完善中国城市规划评估体系，促进城市公共基础设施的实施提供借鉴，进而为提高中国城市居民生活水平提供保障。

Learning from the Experience of Public Infrastructure Systems Implementation in the U.S.： Reflection on the Evaluation of Nanshan District in Shenzhen

This paper studies the experience of public infrastructure implementation in the U.S., and introduces tools such as linkage policies, impact fees, adequate public facilities ordinance and phased development. Through a case study on the public infrastructure systems of Nanshan District in Shenzhen, the paper identifies several issues associated with implementation. Learning from the experience from the U.S., the paper argues that more detailed implementation planning should be prepared, financial resources should be diversified, and regular supervision and evaluation system should be set up. The experience of public infrastructure implementation in the U.S. will provide implications to urban planning evaluation system and promotion of public infrastructure implementation in China, which will also have implications for improving the quality of life of city residents in China.