自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植对大鼠创面细胞骨架蛋白与新生血管化的影响

目的探讨自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植对创面愈合的影响,并对有关机理做进一步研究。方法用雄性Wistar大鼠制做异体脱细胞真皮,90只雌性SD大鼠背部建立全层皮肤损伤模型,分为A、B、C、D、E组,每组18只,A组为自体微粒皮组,B组为异体脱细胞微粒真皮组,C、D、E组为自体微粒皮与异体脱细胞微粒真皮按不同的比例（C组为1∶1,D组为1∶0.5,E组为1∶0.25）混合移植（统称为混合移植组）,比较各组的创面愈合率、微血管计数及细胞骨架蛋白（desmin）的表达。结果 （1）移植后2、3周,混合移植组创面愈合率均高于A组和B组,E组移植后2、3周创面愈合率分别为（88.00±5.71）%和（96.18±6.62）%,高于C组（79.81±7.07）%和（86.76±3.35）%（P〈0.05）;（2）移植后2、3周混合移植组微血管数均明显高于A组、B组（P〈0.05）,移植后2周,E组、D组的血管数（35.67±1.53）、（34.33±1.53）明显多于C组（P〈0.05）。（3）细胞骨架蛋白在创面形成后表达上调,混合移植组细胞骨架蛋白的表达高于A组（P〈0.05）,尤以D组、E组明显。结论自体微粒皮与脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植创面愈合率高于自体微粒皮移植,且自体微粒皮与脱细胞微粒真皮混合移植的面积比例按1∶0.25混合移植效果最佳,这可能与创面血管化进程加快,及细胞骨架蛋白的适度表达有关。

Influence of mixed-skin grafting with autologous microskin and allogenetic acellular dermal matrix microskin on desmin and neovascularization of wound surface in rats

Objective To investigate the effect of mixed skin grafting with autologous microskin and allogenetic acellular dermal matrix microskin on wound healing, and make a further study on related mechanism. Methods Wistar male rats were served as allogenetic acellular dermal matrix donor rats, and ninety SD female rats as acceptors with mould of full thickness skin defect on their backs. The SD rats were divided into groups of A, B, C, D, E with 18 rats in each group. Group A were transplanted with autologous microskin, group B with allogenetic acellular dermal matrix microskin, and mixed skin grating groups C, D, E with different skin ratio between autologous microskin and allogenetic acellular dermal matrix microskin （group C 1∶1,group D 1∶0.5, group E 1∶0.25）. The wound healing rate, blood capillary number, and cytoskeletal protein desmin presentation among five groups were compared afterwards. Results （1） two and three weeks after the grating, the wound healing rate of groups C, D, and E was higher than that of groups A and B. Among the mixed skin grating groups, the healing rate at 2 and 3 weeks after the grafting in Group E （88.00±5.71）%,（96.18±6.62）%], was obviously higher than that of group C（79.81±7.07）%,（86.76±3.35）%（P0.05）],（2） two and three weeks after the grating, the number of blood capillary of groups C, D, and E was obviously higher than that of groups A and B （P0.05）. Among the mixed skin grating groups, the number of Groups D and E （35.67±1.53,34.33±1.53）, was obviously higher than that of group C （35.67±1.53,34.33±1.53）.（3） Desmin increased obviously with the mixed skin grating groups obviously higher than group A（P0.05）,especially in Groups D and E. Conclusions The wound healing rate of mixed skin grafting groups is higher than the autologous microskin grafting group. The best effect is achieved by the group with the skin ratio of 1∶0.25 between autologous microskin and allogenetic acellular dermal matrix microskin. The acceleration of neovascularization on wound skin surface and the proper expression of desmin possibly result in the effect.