当前实用和未来发展Pt-非Pt氧还原电催化剂研究进展

燃料电池阴极侧氧还原反应由于其迟缓的动力学,使得贵金属铂成为最为高效的电催化剂,成本高昂,限制燃料电池规模化应用。开发低成本、高性能、可实用氧还原电催化剂尤为重要。基于课题组多年在实用化燃料电池氧还原电催化剂的研究情况,综述面向当前实用和未来发展的铂-非铂电催化剂的研究进展。重点介绍实用化高载量、高活性、高结构稳定性铂基电催化剂合成策略以及在燃料电池膜电极中的性能高效表达,同时阐述非铂碳基催化剂理性设计、可控制备。此外,对该研究方向的发展进行展望,以期加速燃料电池关键材料国产化。

ADVANCES IN CURRENT PRACTICAL AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF Pt-NON-Pt OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION ELECTROCATALYST

The sluggish kinetic of oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） at the cathode of the fuel cells makes the platinum （Pt） as the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst, which limits the large-scale application of fuel cells. It is thus particularly urgent to develop the low-cost, high-performance and practical ORR electrocatalysts. In this paper, the research progress of Pt and non-Pt electrocatalysts for current practical and future development is reviewed based on our previous research in practical electrocatalysts towards ORR for many years. The synthesis strategy of Pt-based electrocatalysts with high metal loading, high activity, excellent structural stability and efficient expression of performance in fuel cells are emphasized. At the same time, the rational design and controllable synthesis of non-Pt carbon-based materials are elaborated. In addition, the further development of this research field is prospected to accelerate the localization of fuel cells.